This publication examines the endoscopic semiotics of non-small cell lung cancer. It presents many years of experience in bronchoscopic studies of various forms of central lung cancer growth, the nuances of endoscopic diagnostics, interpretation of the detected changes, and discusses options for performing a biopsy.

Tricky hemangioma of the tongue is a benign, rare neoplasm of the oropharynx that requires a multidisciplinary approach to the surgical treatment of this disease as a guarantee of the successful safe conduct of radical innovative low-traumatic operations.

Esophageal varices bleeding is a severe complication of portal hypertension. Endoscopic ligation (EL) is the “gold standard” for treatment of acute bleeding, and as well as an effective means of primary and secondary prevention. The technique of endoscopic ligation is well studied, does not present significant technical difficulties. However, in some cases it is accompanied by complications, the most dangerous of which is slipping of ligature. The marker of the effectiveness of EL is the eradication of esophageal varices, which is ensured by compliance with the algorithm of the technique and a step-by-step approach to endoscopic treatment.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), characterized mainly by symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation, is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases, which is usually treated by gastroenterologists and primary care physicians. Almost all countries have seen an increase in the prevalence of GERD, especially in North America, East Asia, and European countries, including Russia. Every 5 years, the incidence of GERD increases by 1.5-2%. Thus, according to forecasts, by 2030, 80% of the population in the United States will suffer from GERD. A review of foreign and domestic literature showed that the prevalence of GERD ranges from 1,000 to 1,000 in East Asia, North America, and European countries to 1,000. The reasons for the increase in its frequency include: physical inactivity, smoking, genetic predisposition, changes in the structure and quality of nutrition, and an increased body mass index. Approximately 80% of patients with GERD undergo conservative treatment, among which the leading place belongs to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), about 10% of patients undergo surgical treatment. In addition, in the last decade, there have been significant changes in approaches to the treatment of GERD, an increase in the number of reports of adverse events associated with long-term use of PPIs, a noticeable decrease in the use of surgical fundoplication, and an increase in the development of non-drug intraluminal endoscopic techniques.

One of the current interdisciplinary problems of medicine, including in patients with critical conditions, in particular with brain damage, is the correction of microecological disorders of the intestine. Based on the analysis of the composition, assessment of the functions of the intestinal microflora and the mechanisms for implementing the relationships "microflora - macroorganism", "intestine-brain", "intestine-liver", as well as the causes leading to their microecological disorders, the need and possibility of timely correction are shown.

Purpose of the work. To study the structure of the hepatopancreaticoduodenal zone (HPD) masses according to the endosonographic picture and to estimate the diagnostic informativeness of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in diagnostics of these masses in comparison with ultrasound examination of HPD (ultrasound of HPD) and computer tomography of abdominal cavity organs (CT of OBP) with contrasting. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of 71 patients with GDZ masses who underwent inpatient treatment in the department of abdominal surgery and applied for diagnostic purposes to the endoscopic centre of Karaganda Multidisciplinary Hospital No.3 for EUS for the period from January 2021 to December 2022 was carried out. Results and discussion. Sensitivity of EUS in differential diagnostics of PG tumours, hepaticocholedochal dilatation, vascular invasion and metastasis to regional lymph nodes was 85%, 94,12%, 64,71% and 100% respectively, specificity - 95,93%, 100%, 80% and 92% respectively. Conclusion. Correct assessment of all manifestations of a tumour influences the choice of treatment tactics and consequently its immediate and long-term results. EUS is an effective method of differential diagnostics of pseudocysts and cystic tumours of PG, tumours of large duodenal papilla (LDP), as well as biliary tract neoplasms.

Informed voluntary consent (IVC) for endoscopic intervention is a medical and legal document, the purpose of which is to regulate the relationship between the patient, doctor and clinic. This is an information document that reveals the essence and risks for the patient of a specific endoscopic intervention. Such information and details of the risks associated with the provision of medical care should be a mandatory element of the IVC (Federal Law of 21.11.2011 No. 323-FZ "On the Fundamentals of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation"). The reason for organizing and holding a series of events under the auspices of the Association of Medical Experts in the Quality of Medical Care in order to form versions of "Informed Voluntary Consent ..." in the specialty of "endoscopy" that meet modern legal standards was their absence, as such. The result of these events was the creation of IVC in the main areas of endoscopy, including endoscopic interventions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The principles of formation and filling of the IDS with standardized information related to the nature of diagnostic/therapeutic interventions in the upper gastrointestinal tract and their possible complications form the basis of this report.

The relentless improvement of medical care does not exclude the presence of certain complications in patients during the implementation of their treatment. This may be facilitated by the complexity of the manipulations and operations performed, the possibilities of new technologies, the age and concomitant pathology of patients. The predominant occurrence of adverse consequences in the provision of surgical care has prompted the medical community to pay attention to this in the first place. In the process of searching for a simple tool to solve problems arising in the provision of surgical care, a Surgical Safety Checklist (checklist, SSC) was created at the initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO). Its introduction into standard practice in operating rooms was aimed at improving the safety of both anesthesia and surgical operations, as well as reducing complications and mortality by improving teamwork, communication and consistency of medical care. The purpose of this message is to focus the attention of specialists from various fields and ranks on the need to introduce SSC into the daily work of a multidisciplinary hospital in the form of a standardized procedure for the effective functioning of the operating unit team, the ultimate goal of which is to provide safe care to the patient. An analysis of 4 years of experience in the use of SSC in the Ilyinskaya Hospital allows us to talk about the difficult process of staff entering the workflow of using a seemingly elementary tool. However, the improvement of communication processes and the adaptation of both the mechanism of SSC implementation and its contents allow us to hope for its strict observance and, ultimately, a significant reduction in all possible avoidable risks during the provision of surgical care.