Eosinophilic esophagitis. A new T2-type immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the esophagus
https://doi.org/10.31146/2415-7813-endo-67-3-56-66
Abstract
Objective. To present current perspectives on the epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Main Points. Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated disease of the esophagus. Its pathogenesis is based on a predisposition to mount an immune response via the activation of type 2 T-helper (Th2) cells, which, upon contact with exogenous allergens, express a highly active group of cytokines. The high concentration of Th2 cytokines in the esophageal mucosa leads to eosinophilic infiltration throughout the entire length of the esophageal wall (from the proximal to the distal segments), the development of chronic inflammation within the epithelium and the lamina propria, and the development of subepithelial fibrosis. Patients with EoE often have concomitant Th2-associated inflammatory diseases (such as bronchial asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, hay fever, etc.). Timely diagnosis and adequate treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis can prevent the development of strictures and other complications of the disease.
About the Authors
V. O. Kaibysheva
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; City Clinical Hospital No. 31 named after Academician G.M. Saveleyev, Moscow City Health Department, Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
E. D. Fedorov
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; City Clinical Hospital No. 31 named after Academician G.M. Saveleyev, Moscow City Health Department, Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
S. G. Shapovalyants
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Kaibysheva V.O., Fedorov E.D., Shapovalyants S.G. Eosinophilic esophagitis. A new T2-type immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the esophagus. Filin’s Clinical endoscopy. 2025;67(3):56-66. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31146/2415-7813-endo-67-3-56-66
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