<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая эндоскопия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Filin’s Clinical endoscopy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2415-7813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"Global Media technology" Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinendo-558</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эндопротезирование трахеи при злокачественных новообразованиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акопов</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">akopovand@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаков</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русанов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>НИИ пульмонологии Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета им. акад. И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акопов А.Я., Герасин А.В., Казаков Н.В., Русанов А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акопов А.Я., Герасин А.В., Казаков Н.В., Русанов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Акопов А.Я., Герасин А.В., Казаков Н.В., Русанов А.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://clinendo.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/558">https://clinendo.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/558</self-uri></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акопов А.Л., Русанов А.А., Молодцова В.П. и др. Фотодинамическая терапия в комплексном лечении рака легкого III стадии// Хирургия-2013.-№3.-С. 17-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Акопов А.Л., Русанов А.А., Молодцова В.П. и др. Фотодинамическая терапия в комплексном лечении рака легкого III стадии// Хирургия-2013.-№3.-С. 17-20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Герасин В.А., Шафировский Б.Б., Черный С.М. и др. Эндоскопическая лазерная хирургия трахеи// Грудная сердечнососудистая хирургия,-1991.-№6.-С.49-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Герасин В.А., Шафировский Б.Б., Черный С.М. и др. Эндоскопическая лазерная хирургия трахеи// Грудная сердечнососудистая хирургия,-1991.-№6.-С.49-52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паршин В.Д., Степаненко А.Б., [удовский Л.М. и др. Остановка аррозивного кровотечения из брахиоцефального ствола в трахеобронхиальное дерево в результате эндопротезирования трахеи// Хирургия,-1998.-№8.-С.51 -54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Паршин В.Д., Степаненко А.Б., [удовский Л.М. и др. Остановка аррозивного кровотечения из брахиоцефального ствола в трахеобронхиальное дерево в результате эндопротезирования трахеи// Хирургия,-1998.-№8.-С.51 -54.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Перельман М.И., Королева И.С., Бирюков Ю.В. и др. Первичные опухоли трахеи: диагностика и хирургическое лечение// Хирургия,-1998.-№6.-С. 58-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Перельман М.И., Королева И.С., Бирюков Ю.В. и др. Первичные опухоли трахеи: диагностика и хирургическое лечение// Хирургия,-1998.-№6.-С. 58-63.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соколов В.В., Гладышев А.А., Телегина Л.В. и др. Комбинированная видеоэндоскопическая хирургия и фотодинамическая терапия у больных с рецидивирующим папилломатозом гортани и трахеи// Вестник оториноларингологии.-2007,-№6.-С.4-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Соколов В.В., Гладышев А.А., Телегина Л.В. и др. Комбинированная видеоэндоскопическая хирургия и фотодинамическая терапия у больных с рецидивирующим папилломатозом гортани и трахеи// Вестник оториноларингологии.-2007,-№6.-С.4-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asopa S., Moorjani N. Saad R.A. el al. Rare and fatal complication of Gianturco tracheobronchial stent//Ann. Thorac. Surg.- 2007.-№ 11.-p. 1758-1760.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asopa S., Moorjani N. Saad R.A. el al. Rare and fatal complication of Gianturco tracheobronchial stent//Ann. Thorac. Surg.- 2007.-№ 11.-p. 1758-1760.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Badamosi R.A., Simoff М., Mohey M. Changes in airway microbiology following placement of airway stents//Chest Meeting Abstracts, 2007.-Vol. 132.-p.519a.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Badamosi R.A., Simoff М., Mohey M. Changes in airway microbiology following placement of airway stents//Chest Meeting Abstracts, 2007.-Vol. 132.-p.519a.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bolliger C.T., Arnoux A., Oeggerli M.V. et al. Covered Wallstent insertion in a patient with conical tracheobronchial stenosis// J Bronchol.-1995.-Vol.2.-p.215-219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bolliger C.T., Arnoux A., Oeggerli M.V. et al. Covered Wallstent insertion in a patient with conical tracheobronchial stenosis// J Bronchol.-1995.-Vol.2.-p.215-219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bolliger C.T., Wyser C., Xianren W. etal. Evaluation of a new self-expandable silicone stent in an experimental tracheal stenosis// Chest.-1999.-Vol. 115.-p.496-499.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bolliger C.T., Wyser C., Xianren W. etal. Evaluation of a new self-expandable silicone stent in an experimental tracheal stenosis// Chest.-1999.-Vol. 115.-p.496-499.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bolliger C.T., Breitenbuecher A., Brutsche, M, et al. Use of studded Polyflex stents in patients with neoplastic obstructions of the central airways// Respiration.-2004.-Vol.71.-p.83-89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bolliger C.T., Breitenbuecher A., Brutsche, M, et al. Use of studded Polyflex stents in patients with neoplastic obstructions of the central airways// Respiration.-2004.-Vol.71.-p.83-89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bond C.J. Note on the treatment of tracheal stenosis by a new T-shaped tracheotomy tube// Lancet.-1881.-№ 1.-p.539.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bond C.J. Note on the treatment of tracheal stenosis by a new T-shaped tracheotomy tube// Lancet.-1881.-№ 1.-p.539.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chin C.S., Litle V., Yun J. et al. Swanson airway stents// Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2008.-Vol.85.-p.S792 - S796.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chin C.S., Litle V., Yun J. et al. Swanson airway stents// Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2008.-Vol.85.-p.S792 - S796.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clarke C.P., Ball D.L., Sephton R. Follow-up of patients having Nd:YAG laser resection of bronchostenotic lesions//J Bronchol.- 1999.-№1.-p.19-22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clarke C.P., Ball D.L., Sephton R. Follow-up of patients having Nd:YAG laser resection of bronchostenotic lesions//J Bronchol.- 1999.-№1.-p.19-22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Colt H.G., Dumon J.F. Tracheobronchial stents: indications and applications//Lung Cancer.-1993.-Vol.9.-p.301-306.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Colt H.G., Dumon J.F. Tracheobronchial stents: indications and applications//Lung Cancer.-1993.-Vol.9.-p.301-306.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Colt H.G., Dumon J.F. Airway stents: Present and future// Clin Chest Med.-1995.-Vol. 16.-p.465.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Colt H.G., Dumon J.F. Airway stents: Present and future// Clin Chest Med.-1995.-Vol. 16.-p.465.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coolen D., Slabbynck H., Galdermans D. etal. Insertion of a self-expandable endotracheal metal stent using topical anesthesia and a fiberoptic bronchoscope: A comfortable way to offer palliation// Thorax.-1994.-Vol.49.-p.87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coolen D., Slabbynck H., Galdermans D. etal. Insertion of a self-expandable endotracheal metal stent using topical anesthesia and a fiberoptic bronchoscope: A comfortable way to offer palliation// Thorax.-1994.-Vol.49.-p.87.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cooper J.D., Pearson F.G., Patterson G.A. et al. Use of silicone stents in the management of airway problems// Ann Thorac Surg.-1989.-Vol.47.-p.371 -376.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cooper J.D., Pearson F.G., Patterson G.A. et al. Use of silicone stents in the management of airway problems// Ann Thorac Surg.-1989.-Vol.47.-p.371 -376.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DasguptaA., Dolmatch B., Abi-Saleh W.J. etal. Self-expandable metallic airway stent insertion employing flexible bronchoscopy: Preliminary results// Chest.-1998.-Vol. 114.-p. 106-110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DasguptaA., Dolmatch B., Abi-Saleh W.J. etal. Self-expandable metallic airway stent insertion employing flexible bronchoscopy: Preliminary results// Chest.-1998.-Vol. 114.-p. 106-110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Mello-Filho F.V., Antonio S.M., Carrau R.L. Endoscopically placed expandable metal tracheal stents for the management of complicated tracheal stenosis// Am J Otolaryngol.-2003.-Vol.24.-p.34-39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Mello-Filho F.V., Antonio S.M., Carrau R.L. Endoscopically placed expandable metal tracheal stents for the management of complicated tracheal stenosis// Am J Otolaryngol.-2003.-Vol.24.-p.34-39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dumon J.F. A dedicated tracheobronchial stent// Chest.-1990.-Vol.97.-p.328-332.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dumon J.F. A dedicated tracheobronchial stent// Chest.-1990.-Vol.97.-p.328-332.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dumon J.F., Cavaliere S., Diaz-Jimenez J.P. et al. Seven-year experience with the Dumon prosthesis// J Bronchol.-1996.-VoL3.-p.6-10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dumon J.F., Cavaliere S., Diaz-Jimenez J.P. et al. Seven-year experience with the Dumon prosthesis// J Bronchol.-1996.-VoL3.-p.6-10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dutau H., Toutblanc B., Lamb C., Seijo L. Use of the Dumon Y-stent in the management of malignant disease involving the carina: a retrospective review of 86 patients// Chest.-2004,-Vol. 126.-p.951-957.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dutau H., Toutblanc B., Lamb C., Seijo L. Use of the Dumon Y-stent in the management of malignant disease involving the carina: a retrospective review of 86 patients// Chest.-2004,-Vol. 126.-p.951-957.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Baz N., Holinger L., El-Ganzouri A. et al. High frequency positive pressure ventilation fortracheal reconstruction supported by tracheal T tube//Anesth Analg.-1982.-Vol.61.-p.796-800.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El-Baz N., Holinger L., El-Ganzouri A. et al. High frequency positive pressure ventilation fortracheal reconstruction supported by tracheal T tube//Anesth Analg.-1982.-Vol.61.-p.796-800.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ernst A., Feller-Kopman D., Becker H.D., Mehta A.C. Central Airway Obstruction// Am J Resp Crit Care Med.-2004-Vol. 169,-p. 1278-1297.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ernst A., Feller-Kopman D., Becker H.D., Mehta A.C. Central Airway Obstruction// Am J Resp Crit Care Med.-2004-Vol. 169,-p. 1278-1297.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Freitag L., Eicker R., Linz B., Greschuchna D. Theoretical and experimental basis for the development of a dynamic airway stent// Eur RespirJ.-1994.-Vol.7.-p.2038-2043.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Freitag L., Eicker R., Linz B., Greschuchna D. Theoretical and experimental basis for the development of a dynamic airway stent// Eur RespirJ.-1994.-Vol.7.-p.2038-2043.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Freitag L., Eicker K., Donovan T.J. etal. Mechanical properties of airway stents// J Bronchol.-1995.Vol.2.-p.270-278.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Freitag L., Eicker K., Donovan T.J. etal. Mechanical properties of airway stents// J Bronchol.-1995.Vol.2.-p.270-278.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Freitag L., Tekolf E., Steveling H. etal. Management of malignant esophagotracheal fistulas with airway stenting and double stenting//Chest.-1996.-Vol. 110.-p. 1155-1160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Freitag L., Tekolf E., Steveling H. etal. Management of malignant esophagotracheal fistulas with airway stenting and double stenting//Chest.-1996.-Vol. 110.-p. 1155-1160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaissert H.A., Grillo H.C., Wright C.D. et al.Complications of benign tracheobronchial stenosis by self-expanding metal stents// J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.-2003.-Vol. 126.-p.744-747.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaissert H.A., Grillo H.C., Wright C.D. et al.Complications of benign tracheobronchial stenosis by self-expanding metal stents// J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.-2003.-Vol. 126.-p.744-747.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geffin B., Grillo H.C., Cooper J.D., Pontoppidan H. Stenosis following tracheostomy for respiratory care// JAMA.-1971.-Vol.216.-p.1984-1988.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geffin B., Grillo H.C., Cooper J.D., Pontoppidan H. Stenosis following tracheostomy for respiratory care// JAMA.-1971.-Vol.216.-p.1984-1988.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gelb A.F., Zamel N., Colchen A. et al. Physiologic studies of tracheobronchial stents in airway obstruction// Am Rev Respir Dis -1992.-Vol. 146.-p. 1088-1090.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gelb A.F., Zamel N., Colchen A. et al. Physiologic studies of tracheobronchial stents in airway obstruction// Am Rev Respir Dis -1992.-Vol. 146.-p. 1088-1090.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerasin V.F., Shafirovsky B.B. Endobronchial electrosurgery// Chest.-1988,-Vol.93.-p.270-274.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerasin V.F., Shafirovsky B.B. Endobronchial electrosurgery// Chest.-1988,-Vol.93.-p.270-274.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grillo H.C. Stents and sense// Ann Thorac Surg.-2000.-Vol.70.-p.1142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grillo H.C. Stents and sense// Ann Thorac Surg.-2000.-Vol.70.-p.1142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ginsberg R.J., Vokes E.E, Ruben A. Non-small cell lung cancer. In: DeVita VT, Heilman S, Rosenberg SA, editors. Cancer principles and practice of oncology, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven;1997. p. 858-911.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ginsberg R.J., Vokes E.E, Ruben A. Non-small cell lung cancer. In: DeVita VT, Heilman S, Rosenberg SA, editors. Cancer principles and practice of oncology, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven;1997. p. 858-911.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guha A., Mostafa S.М., Kendall J.B. The Montgomery T-tube: anaesthetic problems and solutions// Br J Anaesth.-2001.~ Vol.87.-p.787-790.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guha A., Mostafa S.М., Kendall J.B. The Montgomery T-tube: anaesthetic problems and solutions// Br J Anaesth.-2001.~ Vol.87.-p.787-790.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harkins W. В. An endotracheal metalic prosthesis in the treatment of stenosis of the trachea// Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol-1952-Vol.61.-p.932-935.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harkins W. В. An endotracheal metalic prosthesis in the treatment of stenosis of the trachea// Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol-1952-Vol.61.-p.932-935.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herth F., Becker H.D., LoCicero J.lll, Ernst A. Endobronchial ultrasound in therapeutic bronchoscopy// Eur Respir J.-2002.-Vol.20.-p.118-121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herth F., Becker H.D., LoCicero J.lll, Ernst A. Endobronchial ultrasound in therapeutic bronchoscopy// Eur Respir J.-2002.-Vol.20.-p.118-121.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hollingsworth H.M. Wheezing and stridor// Clin Chest Med.- 1987.-Vol.8.-p.231-240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hollingsworth H.M. Wheezing and stridor// Clin Chest Med.- 1987.-Vol.8.-p.231-240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Husain S.A., Finch D., Ahmed M. et al. Long-term follow-up of ultraflex metallic stents in benign and malignant central airway obstruction// Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2007.-Vol.83.-p.1251-1256.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Husain S.A., Finch D., Ahmed M. et al. Long-term follow-up of ultraflex metallic stents in benign and malignant central airway obstruction// Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2007.-Vol.83.-p.1251-1256.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korpela A., Aarnio P., Sariola H. et al. Bioabsorbable selfreinforced poly-L-lactide, metallic, and silicone stents in the management of experimental tracheal stenosis// Chest.-1999-Vol. 115.-p.490-495.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korpela A., Aarnio P., Sariola H. et al. Bioabsorbable selfreinforced poly-L-lactide, metallic, and silicone stents in the management of experimental tracheal stenosis// Chest.-1999-Vol. 115.-p.490-495.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lemaire A., Burfeind W.R., Toloza Е. et al. Outcomes of tracheobronchial stents in patients with malignant airway disease//Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2005.-Vol.80.-p.434 - 438.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lemaire A., Burfeind W.R., Toloza Е. et al. Outcomes of tracheobronchial stents in patients with malignant airway disease//Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2005.-Vol.80.-p.434 - 438.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lochbihler H., Hoelzl J., Dietz H.G. Tissue compatibility and biodegradation of new absorbable stents for tracheal stabilization: an experimental study// J Pediatr Surg.-1997.-Vol.32.-p.717-720.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lochbihler H., Hoelzl J., Dietz H.G. Tissue compatibility and biodegradation of new absorbable stents for tracheal stabilization: an experimental study// J Pediatr Surg.-1997.-Vol.32.-p.717-720.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lund M.E., Garland R., Ernst A. Airway stenting: applications and practice management considerations// Chest.-2007.-Vol. 131.-p.579-587.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lund M.E., Garland R., Ernst A. Airway stenting: applications and practice management considerations// Chest.-2007.-Vol. 131.-p.579-587.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lunn W., Feller-Kopman D., Wahidi M. etal. Endoscopic removal of metallic airway stents// Chest.-2005.-Vol.127.-p.2106-2110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lunn W., Feller-Kopman D., Wahidi M. etal. Endoscopic removal of metallic airway stents// Chest.-2005.-Vol.127.-p.2106-2110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Madden B.P., Park J.E., Sheth A. Medium-term follow-up after deployment of ultraflex expandable metallic stents to manage endobronchial pathology// Ann Thorac Surg.-2004.-Vol.78,-p.1898-1901.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Madden B.P., Park J.E., Sheth A. Medium-term follow-up after deployment of ultraflex expandable metallic stents to manage endobronchial pathology// Ann Thorac Surg.-2004.-Vol.78,-p.1898-1901.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mather C M., Sinclair R., Gurr P. Tracheal stents: the Montgomery T-tube// Anesth Analg.-1993.-Vol.77.-p. 1282-1284.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mather C M., Sinclair R., Gurr P. Tracheal stents: the Montgomery T-tube// Anesth Analg.-1993.-Vol.77.-p. 1282-1284.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mathisen D.J., Grillo H.C. Endoscopic relief of malignant airway obstruction//Ann Thorac Surg.-1989.-Vol.48.-p.469-473.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mathisen D.J., Grillo H.C. Endoscopic relief of malignant airway obstruction//Ann Thorac Surg.-1989.-Vol.48.-p.469-473.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mehta A.C., Gildea T., Downie G. etal. A prospective multicenter trial of a self-expanding hybrid stent in malignant airway obstruction// Chest Meeting Abstracts.-2007.-Vol. 132,-p.425b-426.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mehta A.C., Gildea T., Downie G. etal. A prospective multicenter trial of a self-expanding hybrid stent in malignant airway obstruction// Chest Meeting Abstracts.-2007.-Vol. 132,-p.425b-426.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miwa K., Takamori S., Hayashi A. et al. Fixation of silicone stents in the subglottic trachea: preventing stent migration using a fixation apparatus//Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2004.-Vol.78.-p.2188-2190.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miwa K., Takamori S., Hayashi A. et al. Fixation of silicone stents in the subglottic trachea: preventing stent migration using a fixation apparatus//Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2004.-Vol.78.-p.2188-2190.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miyazawa T., Yamakido М., IkedaS.etal. Implantation of ultraflex nitinol stents in malignant tracheobronchial stenoses// Chest.- 2000.-Vol.118.-p.959-964.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miyazawa T., Yamakido М., IkedaS.etal. Implantation of ultraflex nitinol stents in malignant tracheobronchial stenoses// Chest.- 2000.-Vol.118.-p.959-964.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miyazawa Т., Miyazu Y., Iwamoto Y. et al. Stenting at the flow-limiting segment in tracheobronchial stenosis due to lung cancer//Am J Respir Crit Care Med.-2004.-Vol. 169.-p. 10961099.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miyazawa Т., Miyazu Y., Iwamoto Y. et al. Stenting at the flow-limiting segment in tracheobronchial stenosis due to lung cancer//Am J Respir Crit Care Med.-2004.-Vol. 169.-p. 10961099.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Montgomery W.W. T-tube tracheal stent// Archol Otolaryngol.-1965.-Vol.82.-p.320.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Montgomery W.W. T-tube tracheal stent// Archol Otolaryngol.-1965.-Vol.82.-p.320.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nesbitt J.C., Carrasco H. Expandable stents// Chest Surg Clin North Am.-1996.Vol.6.-p.305-328.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nesbitt J.C., Carrasco H. Expandable stents// Chest Surg Clin North Am.-1996.Vol.6.-p.305-328.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nomori H., Horio H., Suemasu K. Dumon stent placement via endotracheal tube//Chest.-1999.-Vol.115.-p.582-586.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nomori H., Horio H., Suemasu K. Dumon stent placement via endotracheal tube//Chest.-1999.-Vol.115.-p.582-586.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noppen М., Dhaese J., Meysman M. et al. A new screw thread tracheal endoprosthesis//J Bronchol.-1996.-Vol.3.-p.22-27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noppen М., Dhaese J., Meysman M. et al. A new screw thread tracheal endoprosthesis//J Bronchol.-1996.-Vol.3.-p.22-27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noppen М., Meysman М., Claes I. etal. Screw-thread vs Dumon endoprosthesis in the management of tracheal stenosis// Chest.-1999.-Vol. 115.-p.532-538.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noppen М., Meysman М., Claes I. etal. Screw-thread vs Dumon endoprosthesis in the management of tracheal stenosis// Chest.-1999.-Vol. 115.-p.532-538.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pereszlenyi A., Igaz M., Majerl.etal. Role of endotracheal stenting in tracheal reconstruction surgery-retrospective analysis// Eur J Cardiothorac Surg.-2004.-№6.-p. 1059-1064.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pereszlenyi A., Igaz M., Majerl.etal. Role of endotracheal stenting in tracheal reconstruction surgery-retrospective analysis// Eur J Cardiothorac Surg.-2004.-№6.-p. 1059-1064.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Puma F., Farabi R.,Urbani M. etal. Long-termsafetyandtolerance of silicone and self-expandable airway stents: An experimental study// Ann Thorac Surg.-2000.-Vol.69.-p. 1030-1036.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Puma F., Farabi R.,Urbani M. etal. Long-termsafetyandtolerance of silicone and self-expandable airway stents: An experimental study// Ann Thorac Surg.-2000.-Vol.69.-p. 1030-1036.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rousseau H., Dahan М., Lauque D. et al. Self-expandable prostheses in the tracheobronchial tree// Radiology-1993 -Vol. 188.-p. 199-204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rousseau H., Dahan М., Lauque D. et al. Self-expandable prostheses in the tracheobronchial tree// Radiology-1993 -Vol. 188.-p. 199-204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saad C.P., Murthy S., Krizmanich G. et al. Self-expandable metallic airway stents and flexible bronchoscopy: long-term outcomes analysis// Chest.-2003.-Vol. 124.-p. 1993-1997.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saad C.P., Murthy S., Krizmanich G. et al. Self-expandable metallic airway stents and flexible bronchoscopy: long-term outcomes analysis// Chest.-2003.-Vol. 124.-p. 1993-1997.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saito Y., Minami K., Kaneda H. et al. New tubular bioabsorbable knitted airway stent: feasibility assessment for delivery and deployment in a dog model// Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2004,-Vol.78.-p. 1438-1440.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saito Y., Minami K., Kaneda H. et al. New tubular bioabsorbable knitted airway stent: feasibility assessment for delivery and deployment in a dog model// Ann. Thorac. Surg.-2004,-Vol.78.-p. 1438-1440.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sewall G.K., Warner T., Connor N.P., Hartig G.K.Comparison of resorbable poly-L-lactic acid-polyglycolic acid and internal Palmaz stents for the surgical correction of severe tracheomalacia//Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.-2003.-Vol. 112.-p.515-521.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sewall G.K., Warner T., Connor N.P., Hartig G.K.Comparison of resorbable poly-L-lactic acid-polyglycolic acid and internal Palmaz stents for the surgical correction of severe tracheomalacia//Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.-2003.-Vol. 112.-p.515-521.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherry K.M., Keeling P.A., Jones H.M. et al. Insertion of intratracheal stents// Anaesthesia.-1987.-Vol.42.-p.61 -66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherry K.M., Keeling P.A., Jones H.M. et al. Insertion of intratracheal stents// Anaesthesia.-1987.-Vol.42.-p.61 -66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sihvo E.I.T., SiorisT., Tynninen O., Salo J.A. Fatal fistula between the trachea and the brachiocephalic artery: late complication of a second-generation, self-expanding metallic tracheal stent// J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.-2006.-Vol. 131.-p. 1415-1416.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sihvo E.I.T., SiorisT., Tynninen O., Salo J.A. Fatal fistula between the trachea and the brachiocephalic artery: late complication of a second-generation, self-expanding metallic tracheal stent// J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.-2006.-Vol. 131.-p. 1415-1416.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stockton P.A., Ledson M.J., Hind C.R., Walshaw M.J. Bronchoscopic insertion of Gianturco stents for the palliation of malignant lung disease: 10 year experience// Lung Cancer. -2003.-Vol.42.-p. 113-119.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stockton P.A., Ledson M.J., Hind C.R., Walshaw M.J. Bronchoscopic insertion of Gianturco stents for the palliation of malignant lung disease: 10 year experience// Lung Cancer. -2003.-Vol.42.-p. 113-119.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strausz J., Kis S., Papai Z. et al. Tracheobronchial silicone stent implantation with the flexible bronchoscope// J Bronchol.-1994.-Vol. 1.-p. 123-128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strausz J., Kis S., Papai Z. et al. Tracheobronchial silicone stent implantation with the flexible bronchoscope// J Bronchol.-1994.-Vol. 1.-p. 123-128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Susanto I., Peters J.I., Levine S.M. et al. Use of balloon expandable metallic stents in the management of bronchial stenosis and bronchomalacia after lung transplantation// Chest.-1998.-Vol. 114.-p. 1330-1335.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Susanto I., Peters J.I., Levine S.M. et al. Use of balloon expandable metallic stents in the management of bronchial stenosis and bronchomalacia after lung transplantation// Chest.-1998.-Vol. 114.-p. 1330-1335.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trendelenburg F. Beitraege zu den operationen an den luftwegen// Langenbecks Arch Chir.- 1872.-Vol. 13.-p.335.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trendelenburg F. Beitraege zu den operationen an den luftwegen// Langenbecks Arch Chir.- 1872.-Vol. 13.-p.335.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Varela A., Maynar М., Irving D. et al. Use of Gianturco self-expandable stents in the tracheobronchial tree// Ann Thorac Surg.-1990.-Vol.49.-p.806-811.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varela A., Maynar М., Irving D. et al. Use of Gianturco self-expandable stents in the tracheobronchial tree// Ann Thorac Surg.-1990.-Vol.49.-p.806-811.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vergnon J.M., Costes F., Bayon M.C., Emonot A. Efficacy of tracheal and bronchial stent placement on respiratory functional tests// Chest.-1995.-Vol. 107.-p.741 -746.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vergnon J.M., Costes F., Bayon M.C., Emonot A. Efficacy of tracheal and bronchial stent placement on respiratory functional tests// Chest.-1995.-Vol. 107.-p.741 -746.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Westaby S., Jackson J.W., Pearson F.G. A bifurcated silicone rubber stent for relief of tracheobronchial obstruction// J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.-1982.-Vol.83.-p.414-417.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Westaby S., Jackson J.W., Pearson F.G. A bifurcated silicone rubber stent for relief of tracheobronchial obstruction// J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.-1982.-Vol.83.-p.414-417.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wood D.E., Liu Y.H., Vallieres E. et al. Airway stenting for malignant and benign tracheobronchial stenosis// Ann Thorac Surg.-2003.-Vol.76.-p. 167-172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wood D.E., Liu Y.H., Vallieres E. et al. Airway stenting for malignant and benign tracheobronchial stenosis// Ann Thorac Surg.-2003.-Vol.76.-p. 167-172.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
